Babies are born with flat feet. The arch develops gradually between ages 3 and 8 as the ligaments tighten and the foot muscles strengthen. For most children, flat feet are simply a stage of normal growth.
Flexible vs rigid flat foot
The important distinction is flexibility. If an arch appears when your child stands on tiptoe or when the big toe is lifted, the foot is flexible — this is the common, harmless type. A rigid flat foot that stays flat in every position is uncommon and does need assessment.
Signs that need a specialist opinion
- Pain in the foot, ankle or leg, especially after activity
- The child avoids walking or tires quickly compared with peers
- Only one foot is flat
- The foot is stiff and does not form an arch on tiptoe
- Uneven shoe wear or a visible change in walking pattern
What about insoles?
For painless flexible flat feet, insoles do not change the shape of the foot and are not needed. For children with pain, well-designed insoles and a simple exercise programme can help symptoms. We recommend these only when there is a clear reason.
Our approach
A short examination, watching your child walk, and — rarely — an X-ray are all that is usually needed. Most families leave with reassurance and a plan to review only if symptoms appear.
This article is for general information and does not replace an individual consultation. If you are worried about your child or yourself, please book an appointment.